Harnack: History of Dogma, Vol. 6

Expansion and Remodelling of Dogma into a Doctrine of Sin, Grace, and Means of Grace on the basis of the Church.

Page CHAPTER I . -- History of Dogma in the Period of Clugny, Anselm, and Bernard 1-83 Introduction 1 1. Fresh rise of piety 3-15 Clugny. Renunciation of the world and rule over it. Monastic training of the clergy 3 The Crusades and their consequences for piety 8 The piety of St. Bernard 10 Objectionable elements in his Mysticism 12 2. Development of Ecclesiastical Law 16-23 Development of the papacy into an autocracy. The Papal Decretals 16 The new ecclesiastical law more definitely framed. Union of law and Dogma 19 Jurisprudence as a dominant force 21 3. Revival of science 23-44 Essence of Scholasticism 23 Scholasticism and Mysticism 25 Preparation in history for mediæval science. Its relation to Greek science. The inherited capital 28 The Carlovingian Era 30 The period of transition 30 The Eleventh Century. The prevailing influence of Realism. The question of the Universals. The Dialecticians 32 "Aristotelianism" 36 The negative and positive significance of the science of Abelard 37 Disciples and opponents of Abelard. Reconciliation of Dogma with Aristotle 42 4. Elaboration of Dogma 45-83 Introduction 45 a. The Berengarian Controversy 46 Doctrine of Transubstantiation as framed after the Controversy 51 The importance of the Fourth Lateran Council for the doctrines of the Eucharist, Baptism, and Repentance 53 b. Anselm's doctrine of Satisfaction 54 Criticism of this doctrine 67 Its limited measure of influence 78 Doctrine of the Merit of Christ. Abelard's doctrine of Reconciliation 79 Peter Lombard 81 CHAPTER II.--History of Dogma in the Period of the Mendicant Monks, till the beginning of the Sixteenth Century 84-317 Introduction 84 1. On the history of piety 85-117 St. Francis, the Apostolic life, the Franciscan piety (the Waldensians, and the "Poor" of Lombardy) 85 St. Francis and the Church 91 The doctrine of poverty, the different tendencies, the Fraticelli and the Spirituales 94 Conservative influence of the religious awakening upon Dogma 96 Mysticism and the Mendicant Orders 97 Mysticism as Catholic piety 97 Description of Mysticism, Pantheism, the rise of Individualism 101 Thomist and Scotist Mysticism 105 Quickened activity in practical life 108 The awakening of the laity, free associations, and preachers of repentance 110 The stages in…