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Aquinas Ethicus, Vol. 1

Thomas Aquinas · translated by Joseph Rickaby, S.J. · c. 1265–1274; translation 1892

The moral part of the Summa (the Prima Secundae and Secunda Secundae) in Rickaby's abridged translation: happiness, virtue, law, grace, and the virtues one by one.

Edition: Internet Archive · archive.org

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From the opening: Of the Properties Consequent upon Human Acts Considered

As Good or Evil

Art. 3. Is a human act meritorious or demeritorious according

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as it is good or evil? ‘ . - & 4. Isa human act meritorious or demeritorious before God according as it is good or evil? F - &

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Question XXII. of the Subject of the Passions

Is passion rather in the sensitive appetite, or in the intellectual appetite, otherwise called the will? . 84

Question XXIII. the Difference of Passions One from Another

Are the passions in the concupiscible faculty different from those in the irascible faculty? ° - 85 Is the contrariety of passions in the irascible faculty

founded upon the contrariety of good and evil? . 86 Is there any passion that has got no contrary? - 88 QUESTION XXIV. OF GOOD AND EVII. IN THE PASSIONS. Is moral good and evil to be found in the passions? . 89 Is every passion morally evil? : . - 90 Is passion any addition to or diminution of the good or evil of an act? . > . - Of QUESTION XXVI. OF LOVE, Is love a passion? . . 93 Is love fitly divided into love of friendship and love of desire? ° . . . 93 QUESTION XXVII. OF THE CAUSE OF LOVE. Is likeness a cause of love? - . - 96 QUESTION XXVIII. OF THE EFFECTS OF LOVE. Is zeal an effect of love? . . - 98 Is love 2 passion that wastes away the lover? - 9 Is love the cause of all that the lover does? . » 100

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Question XXIX

OF HATRED. Is evil the cause and object of hatred? : a Is hatred caused by love? . 3:

Is it possible for any one to hate himself?

Question XXX. of Desire

Is desire in the sensitive appetite only?

Is there a special passion of desire?

Are there desires physical and desires not pliysioal? Is desire unlimited?

Question XXXI. of Delight, or Pleasure

Does pleasure differ from joy? . .

Does pleasure find place in the intellectual appetite? .

Are bodily and sensible pleasures greater than spiritual and intellectual pleasures? .

Is there any pleasure that is not natural? .

Question XXXII. of the Cause of Pleasure

Is activity the proper cause of pleasure? Is change a cause of pleasure? ‘ ; . Is beneficence a cause of pleasure?

Question XXXIII,. of the Effects of Pleasure

Does pleasure hinder the use of reason? Does pleasure make activity perfect?

QUESTION XXXIV. OF GOOD AND EVIL IN, PLEASURES. Is all pleasure evil? . 5

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Question XXXV. of Pain and Sorrow in Themselves

Is sorrow the same as pain? 7

Is there any sorrow set over against the pieseere of contemplation? : :

Is exterior pain greater than interior?

Question XXXVI. of the Causes of Pain

Is the yearning after unity a cause of pain?

Question Xxxviii. of Remedies for Sorrow or Pain

Is sorrow assuaged by weeping? . ‘

Are pain and sorrow assuaged by the chitenplatian of truth? . F:

Are pain and sorrow assuaged by ‘leap and baths?

Question XXXIX. of the Good and Evil of Sorrow or Pain

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Contents (415 sections)

  1. Opening
  2. Title page
  3. Preface
  4. First Division, or Prima Secundz
  5. Of the Good and Evil of the Interior Act of the Will
  6. Of the Properties Consequent upon Human Acts Considered
  7. Question LXXIV — of the Subject of Sins
  8. Of the Variety of Laws
  9. Contents
  10. Of the Act of Faith
  11. Of the Sin of Blasphemy
  12. Of the Principal Act of Charity, Which Is Love
  13. Of Assault and Battery
  14. The Moral Teaching of St. Thomas
  15. Article I — Is it proper to man to act for an end?
  16. Article IV — Is there any last end of human conduct?
  17. Article V — Can one man have several ultimate ends?
  18. Article VI — Is everything that a man wills, willed for the sake of the last end?
  19. Article VII — Is the last end of all men one and the same?
  20. Article I — Does happiness consist 1n riches?
  21. Article II — Does man’s happiness consist in honours?
  22. Article III — Does man’s happiness consist in fame and glory ?1
  23. Article IV — Does man’s happiness consist in power?
  24. The fourth reason is, because man is directed to
  25. Article V — Does man’s happiness consist in any good of the body?
  26. Article VI — Does man’s happiness consist in pleasure?
  27. Article Vit
  28. Article VIII
  29. Article I — Is happiness something uncreated?
  30. Article II — Is happiness an activity ?
  31. Article III — Is happiness an activity of sense or of pure intellect?
  32. Article V — Is happiness an activity of the specudative or of the practical understanding?
  33. Article VIII — Does man’s happiness consist in the vision of the Divine Essence?
  34. Article I — Is delight requisite for happiness?
  35. Article II — Is vision rather than delight the main element in happiness ?+
  36. Article IV — Is rectitude of will requisite for happiness?
  37. Article VI — Is any perfection of the body requisite for happiness?
  38. Article VII — Are any exterior goods requisite for
  39. Article VIII — Is the company of friends requisite for happiness?
  40. Article I — Can man attain to happiness?
  41. Article II
  42. Article IV — Can happiness once attained be ever lost?
  43. Article V — Can man acquire happiness by the exercise of his own natural powers?
  44. Article VII — Avre good works requisite for man to obtain happiness of God?
  45. Article VIII — Does every man desire happiness?
  46. Article I — Is there anything voluntary in human acts?
  47. Article II — Is there anything voluntary in the bchaviour of dumb animals?
  48. Article III — Can there be voluntariness in total inaction?
  49. Article IV — Can violence be done to the wll?
  50. Contents
  51. Article VI — Does fear cause absolute involuntari
  52. Article VIII — Does ignorance cause involuntari
  53. Article I — Is @ ciycumstance an accident of a human act?
  54. Article II — Should the theologian take account of the circumstances of human acts?
  55. Article III — Is the received enumeration of circumstances a fit and proper one?
  56. Article IV — Is the will moved by one and the same act to the end and to the means?
  57. Article II — Is intention only of the last end?
  58. Article III — Is election only of the means to the end, or sometimes also of the end…
  59. Article IV — Is election only of ouy own actions?
  60. Article I — Is every human action good, or is there such a thing as an evil action?
  61. Article II — Does the action of man receive the quality of good or evil from its object?
  62. Contents
  63. Contents (continued)
  64. Article IV — Is a human action good or evil according to the end im view?
  65. Article V — Is the difference of good or evil in a human action a difference of species?
  66. Article VI — Is an act good or bad in species according to the end in vicw?
  67. Article VI — Is an act good or bad in species according to the end in vicw? (continued)
  68. Article VII — Is any act méaifferent in its species?
  69. Contents
  70. Contents (continued)
  71. Article X — Does any circumstance place a moral act in the species of good or evil?
  72. Article I — Does the goodness of the will depend on the object alone?
  73. Article IV — Does the goodness of the will depend on the Eternal Law?
  74. Article V — Is it an evil will that is at variance with an erroneous reason?
  75. Article VI — Is it a good will that is in agreement with an erroneous reason?
  76. Article II — Is the entire good and evil of the exterior act dependent upon the good and…
  77. Article III — Is the goodness of the interior and exterior act one and the same?
  78. Article IV — Does the exterior act make any addition of good or evil to the interior act?
  79. Article VI — Can the same exterior act be at once good and evil?
  80. Contents
  81. Article II
  82. Article III — Is a human act meritorious or demeritorious according as tt ts good or evil?
  83. Article IV — Is a human act meritorious or demeritorious before God according as it 1s…
  84. Article I — Are the passions in the concuptscible faculty different from those in the…
  85. Article I — Are the passions in the concuptscible faculty different from those in the… (continued)
  86. Article III — Is there any passton that has got no contrary?
  87. Article I — Is moral good and evil to be found in the passions?
  88. Article II — Is every passion morally evil?
  89. Article III — Is passion any addition to or diminution of the good or evil of an act?
  90. Article II — Is love a passion?
  91. Article IV — Is love fitly divided into love of friendship and love of desire?
  92. Article I
  93. Article III
  94. Article I
  95. Article II — Is zeal an effect of love?
  96. Article V — Is love a passion that wastes away the lover?
  97. Article VI — Is love the cause of all that the lover does?
  98. Article I — Is evil the cause and object of hatred?
  99. Article II — Is hatred caused by love?
  100. Article IV — Is it posstble for any one to hate himself?
  101. Article I — Is desire in the sensitive appetite only?
  102. Article II — Is there a special passion of desire?
  103. Article III — Are there desires physical and desives not physical?
  104. Article IV — Is desire unlimited?
  105. Article I
  106. Article III — Does pleasure differ from joy? R. Joy is a species of pleasure. As there are
  107. Article IV — Does pleasure find place in the intellectual appetite?
  108. Article V — Are bodily and sensible pleasures greater than spiritual and intellectual…
  109. Article V — Are bodily and sensible pleasures greater than spiritual and intellectual… (continued)
  110. Article VII — Is there any pleasure that is not natural?
  111. Article VII — Is there any pleasure that is not natural? (continued)
  112. Article I — Is activity the proper cause of pleasure?”
  113. Article II — Is change a cause of pleasure?
  114. Article VI — Is beneficence a cause of pleasure?
  115. Article III — Does pleasure hinder the use of veason?
  116. Article I — Is all pleasure evil?
  117. Article II — Is sorrow the same as pain P
  118. Article III — Is exterior pain greater than interior?
  119. Article IV — Is the yearning after unity a cause of pain?
  120. Article II — Is sorrow assuaged by weeping?
  121. Article III — Are pain and sorrow assuaged by the contemplation of truth?
  122. Article V — Are pain and sorrow assuaged by sleep and baths?
  123. Article I — Is all sorrow evil?
  124. Article II — Can sorrow be a virtuous good?
  125. Article IV — Is bodily pain the extreme of evils?
  126. Article I — Is hope the same as desire?
  127. Article V — Is experience a cause of hope?
  128. Article VI — Does hope abound in young men and in drunkards?
  129. Article VII — Is hope a cause of love?
  130. Article VIII
  131. Contents
  132. Article II — Is the evil that comes by nature an object of fear?
  133. Article III — Is it possible to have fear of moral evil?
  134. Article VI — Are those evils more feared, against which there is no remedy?
  135. Article IV — Does fear hinder work?
  136. Contents
  137. Article II — Does fiery daring follow upon hope?
  138. Article IV — Are the fiery daring more forward in the beginning than in the end of the…
  139. Contents
  140. Contents (continued)
  141. Contents (continued)
  142. Article III — Is anger in the concupiscible faculty?
  143. Article IV — Does reason go along with anger?
  144. Article VI — Is anger more grievous than hatred?
  145. Contents
  146. Contents (continued)
  147. Article I
  148. Article II — Is the offering of slight and contempt the sole provocative of anger?
  149. Article I — Does anger cause pleasure?
  150. Article II
  151. Article IV
  152. Article III — Can there be any habit in the powers of the sensitive faculty?
  153. Article V — Is there any habit in the will?
  154. Article I — Is any habit caused by acts?
  155. Article III — Does every act increase the habit?
  156. Article IV — Is a habit destroyed or diminished by merely ceasing to exercise it?
  157. Article I — Is human virtue a habit?
  158. Article III — Can the intellect be the subject of
  159. Article IV — Are the irascible and concupiscible faculties the subject of virtue?
  160. Article VI — Can the will be the subject of virtue 7
  161. Article I — Are speculative habits of intellect
  162. Article II — Are there only three speculative habits of intellect, namely wisdom, science…
  163. Article III — Is the habit of intellect called art
  164. Article IV — Is prudence a distinct virtue from art?
  165. Article V — Is prudence a virtue necessary to man?
  166. Article I — Is all virtue moral?
  167. Article II — Is moral virtue distinct from intellectual? R. Reason is the first principle…
  168. Article III — Is the division of virtues into moral and intellectual an exhaustive…
  169. Article IV — Can there be moral virtue without intellectual?
  170. Article V — Can there be intellectual virtue without moral?
  171. Article I — Is moral virtue a passion?
  172. Article III — IJs sorrow compatible with moral
  173. Article IV — Is every moral virtue occupied about the passions?
  174. Article V — Can any moral virtue exist without passion?
  175. Article I — A re there four cardinal virtues?
  176. Article IV — Do the four cardinal virtues differ one from another?
  177. Article I — Are there any theological virtues?
  178. Article II — Are theological virtues distinct from virtues intellectual and moral?
  179. Article III — Are faith, hope, and charity fitly assigned as the theological virtues?
  180. Article I — Is virtue in us by nature?
  181. Article II
  182. Article I — A re moral virtues in @ mean?
  183. Article II — Is the mean of moral virtue the mean of the objective thing or the mean of…
  184. Article IV — Do the theological virtues observe the golden mean?
  185. Article I — Are the moral virtues connected one with another?
  186. Article II — Can the moral virtues be without chartty?
  187. Article III
  188. Article I — Is vice contrary to virtue?
  189. Article II — Is vice against nature?
  190. ARTICLE ITI.—Is a vice more of an evil thing than a victous act?
  191. Article IV — Can sin exist along with virtue?
  192. Article V — Is there some act in every sin?
  193. Article VI — Is sin aptly defined to be any word, deed, or desire against the eternal law?
  194. Article I — Do sins differ in species according to thety objects?
  195. Article II — Is it proper to make a distinction between sins of the spirit and sins of the…
  196. Article V — Does the division of sins according to the punishment they incur make a…
  197. Contents
  198. Article I — Ave all sins connected one with
  199. Article II — Are all sins equal?
  200. Article III — Does the gravity of sins vary with their objects? R. Because sins have their…
  201. Article V — Are sins of the flesh less culpable than sins of the sprit?
  202. Article VI — Does the gravity of sin vary with the cause of sin?
  203. Article VII — Is sin aggravated by circumstances?
  204. Article IX — Does sin increase in gravity according to the condition of the person sinned…
  205. Article IX — Does sin increase in gravity according to the condition of the person sinned… (continued)
  206. Article X — Does the greatness of the person sinning aggravate the sin?
  207. Article I — Is the will the subject of sin?
  208. Article II — lIs the will alone the subject of sin?
  209. Article V — Can there be sin im the reason?
  210. Article V — Can there be sin im the reason? (continued)
  211. Article VI
  212. Article VII — Does the sin of consent to an act lie in the upper reason?
  213. Article VIII — Is consent to delectation a mortal sin?
  214. Article X
  215. Article I — Has sin any cause?
  216. Article III — Has sin any outward cause?
  217. Article IV — Is sin the cause of sin?
  218. Article I — Can ignorance be a cause of sin ?4
  219. Article II — Is ignorance a sin?
  220. Article IV — Does ignorance diminish sin?
  221. Article IV — Does ignorance diminish sin? (continued)
  222. Article I — Is the will moved by passion that ts in the sensitive appetite?
  223. Article II — Can reason be overcome by passion so Jar as to go against tts own knowledge ??
  224. Article II — Can reason be overcome by passion so Jar as to go against tts own knowledge ?? (continued)
  225. Article IV — Is self-love the beginning of all sin?
  226. Article IV — Is self-love the beginning of all sin? (continued)
  227. Article VI — Is passion an extenuating circumstance of sin?
  228. Article VI — Is passion an extenuating circumstance of sin? (continued)
  229. Article VII — Is passion a complete excuse from sin?
  230. Article I — Does any one sin of deliberate malice?
  231. Article I — Does any one sin of deliberate malice? (continued)
  232. Article II — Does every one who sins by habit, sin of deliberate malice?
  233. Article II — Does every one who sins by habit, sin of deliberate malice? (continued)
  234. Article IV — Is sin committed of deliberate malice more grievous than sin committed from…
  235. Article IV — Is sin committed of deliberate malice more grievous than sin committed from… (continued)
  236. Article V — Are the seven capital vices fitly so called?
  237. Article V — Are the seven capital vices fitly so called? (continued)
  238. Article I — Does sin cause any stain on the soul?
  239. Article II — Is liability to punishment an effect of sin P
  240. Article III — Does any sin make a man liable to everlasting punishment?
  241. Article III — Does any sin make a man liable to everlasting punishment? (continued)
  242. Article IV — Is the punishment due to sin infinite in amount?
  243. Contents
  244. Contents (continued)
  245. Contents (continued)
  246. Article VII — Is all punishment for some fault?
  247. Article VII — Is all punishment for some fault? (continued)
  248. Article VIII — Is any one punished for another’s sont?
  249. Article I — Is it proper to divide sin into venial and mortal?
  250. Article I — Is it proper to divide sin into venial and mortal? (continued)
  251. Article II — Do mortal sin and venial differ in Rind?
  252. Contents
  253. Article III — Is law always directed to the general good?
  254. Article IV — Has the reason of any and every man the power of making laws?
  255. Article V — Is promulgation of the essence of law?
  256. Article I — TIs there any Eternal Law?
  257. Article II — Is there in us any natural law? R. Law being a rule and measure, may be ina
  258. Article IV — IVas it necessary that there should be any divine law ??
  259. Article I — Is it an effect of law to make men good?
  260. Article II
  261. Article I — Is the Eternal Law the Sovereign Plan existing in the mind of God ?+
  262. Article II — Is the Eternal Law known to all?
  263. Article III — Is every law derived from the Eternal Law?
  264. Article IV — Ave things necessary and eternal subject to the Eternal Law?
  265. Article V — Are natural contingent things subject to the Eternal Law ?1
  266. Article VI — Are all things human subject to the Eternal Law?
  267. Article II — Does the natural law contain several precepts or one only?
  268. Article III — Are all acts of virtue prescribed by the law of nature?
  269. Article V — Can the law of nature be changed?
  270. Article VI — Can the natural law be abolished from the heart of man?
  271. Article I — Was there any use in laws being enacted by men?
  272. Article II — Is every law framed by man derived from the natural law?
  273. Article I — Does it belong to human law to repress all vices?
  274. Article III — Does human law enjoin acis of all
  275. Article IV — Is the obligation imposed on man by human law binding in the court of…
  276. Article V — Are all subject to the law?
  277. Article VI — Is any deviation from the letter of the law permissible to one who is under…
  278. Article I — Ought human law ever to be changed at all?
  279. Article II — Ought human law always to be changed when anything better occurs?
  280. Article II — Ought human law always to be changed when anything better occurs? (continued)
  281. Article III — Can custom obtain the force of law?
  282. Article III — Can custom obtain the force of law? (continued)
  283. Article IV — Can the rulers of the people dispense from human laws?
  284. Article IV — Can the rulers of the people dispense from human laws? (continued)
  285. Article II — Do the moral precepts of the Old Law prescribe all acts of virtue?
  286. Article V — Is the decalogue a suitable enumeratian of precepts?
  287. ARTICLE -VIII.—Do the commandments of the decalogue admit of dispensation?
  288. Article IX — Does the mode of virtue fall under the precept of the law ??
  289. Article XI — Is tt well to specify other moral precepts of the law, besides the decalogue?
  290. Article I — Is the object of faith the Sovereign Truth?
  291. Article IV — Can the object of faith be anything that is scen?
  292. Article I — Is it to believe to think with assent?
  293. Article III — Is it necessary to salvation to believe anything above natural reason?
  294. Article IV — Is tt necessary to receive on faith things that can be proved by natural…
  295. Article V — Is faith meritorious?
  296. Article VI — Does reason, leading up to conclusions that are of faith, lessen the merit of…
  297. Article II — Is confession of faith necessary to salvation?
  298. Article III — Is faith more certain than sctence?
  299. Article I — Is faith infused into man by God?
  300. Article II — Is unbelief a sin?
  301. Article III — Is the intellect the subject in which unbelief resides?
  302. ARTICLE IIY.—Is unbelief the greatest of sins?
  303. Article VII — Ought we publicly to dispute with unbelievers?
  304. Article VIII — Are unbelievers to be brought to the faith by compulsion?
  305. Article XI — Are the rites of unbelievers to be tolerated?
  306. Article XII — A re the children of Fews and other unbelievers to be baptized against the…
  307. Article I — Is heresy a species of unbelief?
  308. Article III — Are heretics to be tolerated ? R. With regard to heretics two elements are…
  309. Contents
  310. Article I — Is blasphemy the opposite of confession of the faith?
  311. Article II — Is blasphemy always a mortal sim?
  312. Article II — Is blasphemy always a mortal sim? (continued)
  313. Article IV — Do the damned blaspheme?
  314. Article I — Is hope a virtue >
  315. Article II — Is the proper object of hope cternal
  316. Article V — TIs hope a theological virtue?
  317. Article VI — Is hope a@ distinct virtue from the other theological virtues?
  318. Article I — Is the will the subject of hope?
  319. Article IV — Is the hope of men still in this life fraught with certitude?
  320. Article I — Can God be feared?
  321. Article II — Is that a good division of fear into filtal, imtial, servile, and mundane?
  322. Contents
  323. Article VI — Can servile fear abide with charity?
  324. ARTICLE .—Does fear grou less as charity grows greater?
  325. Article I — Is despair a sin?
  326. Article II — Can there be despair without unbelref?
  327. Article III — Is despair the greatest of sins?
  328. Article I — Doces presumption rely on God or ow the presumptuous ian’s own strength?
  329. Article II — Is charity a friendship?
  330. Article IV — Is charity a special virtue?
  331. Article V — Is charity the most excellent of virtues?
  332. Article VII — Can there be any true virtue without
  333. Article VII — Can there be any true virtue without (continued)
  334. Article I — Is the will the subject of charity?
  335. Article II — Is charity lost by one act of mortal sin?
  336. Article III — Are even irrational creatures to be loved in charity?
  337. Article IV — Ought a man to love himself in
  338. Article VI — Are sinners to be loved in charity?
  339. Article VI — Are sinners to be loved in charity? (continued)
  340. Article VII — Do sinners love themselves?
  341. Contents
  342. Contents (continued)
  343. Article IX — Is it of necessity for salvation to vender signs and offices of love to an…
  344. Article IX — Is it of necessity for salvation to vender signs and offices of love to an… (continued)
  345. Article III — Js a man bound in charity to love God mtore than himself?
  346. Article IV — Is a man bound in charity to love himself more than his neighbour?
  347. Article V — Oughi a incu to love his neighbour more than his own body?
  348. Article VI — Is cone neighbour to be loved more than another?
  349. Article VI — Is cone neighbour to be loved more than another? (continued)
  350. Article VI — Is cone neighbour to be loved more than another? (continued)
  351. Article VI — Is cone neighbour to be loved more than another? (continued)
  352. Article VIII — Ought he to be better loved, who is neaver tn blood?
  353. Article VIII — Ought he to be better loved, who is neaver tn blood? (continued)
  354. Article IX — Does the order of charity still hold an heaven?
  355. Article II — Is love, as an act of charity, the same as sympathy?
  356. Contents
  357. Contents (continued)
  358. Article III — Is it more meritorious to love an enemy than to love a friend?
  359. Article IV — Is it morc meritorious to love your neighbour than to love God?
  360. Iu. Q. XXVIII. Art. Ul
  361. Article II — Does the spiritual joy, that is caused by charity, adnut of any adinixture of…
  362. Article III — Can the spiritual joy, that 1s caused by charity, be filled in us ?
  363. Article III — Can the spiritual joy, that 1s caused by charity, be filled in us ? (continued)
  364. Article IV — Is peace the proper effect of charity
  365. Article IV — Is peace the proper effect of charity (continued)
  366. Article III — Should we do good rather to those who are more nearly connected with us ?
  367. Article I — Is almsgiving an act of charity?
  368. Article V — Is it of precept to give alms?
  369. Article VI — Is a man bound to give alms out of his store of necessaries?
  370. Article VI — Is a man bound to give alms out of his store of necessaries? (continued)
  371. Article VII — May alms be given out of ill-gotten goods?
  372. Article VII — May alms be given out of ill-gotten goods? (continued)
  373. Article I — Is fraternal correction an act of
  374. Article I — Is fraternal correction an act of (continued)
  375. Article II — Is fraternal correction matter of precept?
  376. Article II — Is fraternal correction matter of precept? (continued)
  377. ARTICLE ITI.—Does fraternal correction belong only to superiors?
  378. ARTICLE ITI.—Does fraternal correction belong only to superiors? (continued)
  379. Article VI — Should correction be withheld for fear of the offender becoming worse?
  380. Article VI — Should correction be withheld for fear of the offender becoming worse? (continued)
  381. Article VI — Should correction be withheld for fear of the offender becoming worse? (continued)
  382. Article I — Is it possible for any one to hate God?
  383. Article I — Is it possible for any one to hate God? (continued)
  384. ARTICLE IT.—IJs hatred of God the greatest of sins?
  385. ARTICLE IT.—IJs hatred of God the greatest of sins? (continued)
  386. Article II — TIs sloth a sin P
  387. Article III — TIs sloth a mortal sin?
  388. Article III — TIs sloth a mortal sin? (continued)
  389. Article I
  390. Article II — Is envy a sin?
  391. Article II — Is envy a sin? (continued)
  392. Article I — Is discord a sin?
  393. Article I — Is discord a sin? (continued)
  394. Article II — Is discord the daughter of vainglory?
  395. Article I — TIs it always a sin to go to war?
  396. Article III — IJs at lawful in war to use stratagems P3
  397. Article IV
  398. Article I — Is assault and battery always sinful?
  399. Article II — Is sedition always a mortal sin?
  400. Article I — Is scandal aptly defined to be “‘ any word or deed, less right, that gives…

How to cite it

Chicago
Thomas Aquinas. Aquinas Ethicus, Vol. 1. Translated by Joseph Rickaby, S.J.. Internet Archive, c. 1265–1274; translation 1892. https://archive.org/details/aquinas_ethicus_vol_1-2_1892-joseph_rickaby
MLA
Thomas Aquinas. Aquinas Ethicus, Vol. 1. Translated by Joseph Rickaby, S.J., Internet Archive, c. 1265–1274; translation 1892. https://archive.org/details/aquinas_ethicus_vol_1-2_1892-joseph_rickaby
APA
Thomas Aquinas (c. 1265–1274; translation 1892). Aquinas Ethicus, Vol. 1 (Joseph Rickaby, S.J., Trans.). Internet Archive. https://archive.org/details/aquinas_ethicus_vol_1-2_1892-joseph_rickaby

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